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Trends and variability of ocean waves under RCP8.5 emission scenario in the Mediterranean Sea

Abstract.

"Wind-generated ocean waves are key inputs for several studies and applications, both near the coast (coastal vulnerability assessment, coastal structures design, harbor operativity) and off-shore (a.o. oil and gas production, ship routes, and navigation safety). As such, the evaluation of trends in future wave climate is fundamental for the development of efficient policies in the framework of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. This study focuses[...]"

 

Source: Ocean Dynamics
Authors: Francesco De Leo et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-020-01419-8

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Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming

Abstract.

"A strong positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) induces weather extremes such as the 2019 Australian bushfires and African floods. The impact is influenced by sea surface temperature (SST), yet models disagree on how pIOD SST may respond to greenhouse warming. Here we find increased SST variability of strong pIOD events, with strong equatorial eastern Indian Ocean cool anomalies, but decreased variability of moderate pIOD events, dominated by western warm anomalies[...]"

 

Source: Nature Climate Change
Authors: Wenju Cai et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00943-1

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The role of environmental factors in the long-term evolution of the marine biological pump

Absract.

"The biological pump—the transfer of atmospheric carbon dioxide to the ocean interior and marine sediments as organic carbon—plays a critical role in regulating the long-term carbon cycle, atmospheric composition and climate. Despite its centrality in the Earth system, the response of the biological pump to biotic innovation and climatic fluctuations through most stages of Earth’s history has been largely conjectural. Here we use a mechanistic model of the biological carbon pump to revisit the factors controlling[...]"

 

Source: Nature Geoscience
Authors: Mojtaba Fakhraee et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-00660-6

Read the full article here.


Limited iodate reduction in shipboard seawater incubations from the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen deficient zone

Abstract.

"The relative abundance of the inorganic iodine species, iodide and iodate, are applied to characterize both modern and ancient marine oxygen deficient zones (ODZs). However, the rates and mechanisms responsible for in situ iodine redox transformations are poorly characterized, rendering iodine-based redox reconstructions uncertain. Here, we provide constraints on the rates and mechanisms of iodate reduction in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) offshore ODZ using a shipboard tracer–incubation method. Observations of iodate reduction from incubations[...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: D.S. Hardisty et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116676

Read the full article here.


The role of environmental factors in the long-term evolution of the marine biological pump

Abstract.

"The biological pump—the transfer of atmospheric carbon dioxide to the ocean interior and marine sediments as organic carbon—plays a critical role in regulating the long-term carbon cycle, atmospheric composition and climate. Despite its centrality in the Earth system, the response of the biological pump to biotic innovation and climatic fluctuations through most stages of Earth’s history has been largely conjectural. Here we use a mechanistic model of the biological carbon pump to revisit the factors controlling the transfer efficiency of carbon from surface waters to the ocean interior and marine sediments[...]".

 

Source: Nature Geoscience 
Authours: Mojtaba Fakhraee et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-00660-6

Read the full article here.


Oceanographic processes control dissolved oxygen variability at a commercial Atlantic salmon farm: Application of a real-time sensor network

Abstract.

"Open ocean fish farming involves containment of cultured animals under environmental conditions influenced by seasonal variation and water quality. Recently, an important area of research focus has been on water quality monitoring to improve aquaculture management. The development of novel sensors that report in real-time is critical to improve the monitoring capacity of farms, while increasing the understanding of the dynamics of environmental variables. In this study, commercially available, real-time dissolved oxygen and temperature sensors were distributed in the center of 19 cages at a commercial[...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Meredith Burke et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736143

Read the full article here.


Ideas and perspectives: A strategic assessment of methane and nitrous oxide measurements in the marine environment

Abstract.

"In the current era of rapid climate change, accurate characterization of climate-relevant gas dynamics – namely production, consumption, and net emissions – is required for all biomes, especially those ecosystems most susceptible to the impact of change. Marine environments include regions that act as net sources or sinks for numerous climate-active trace gases including methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The temporal and spatial distributions of CH4 and N2O are controlled by the interaction of complex biogeochemical and physical processes. To evaluate and quantify how these mechanisms affect marine CH4 and N2O cycling requires a combination of traditional scientific disciplines including oceanography, microbiology, and numerical modeling[...]"

Source: Biogeosciences
Authors: Samuel T. Wilson et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5809-2020

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Early deglacial CO2 release from the Sub-Antarctic Atlantic and Pacific oceans

Abstract.

"Over the last deglaciation there were two transient intervals of pronounced atmospheric CO2 rise; Heinrich Stadial 1 (17.5-15 kyr) and the Younger Dryas (12.9-11.5 kyr). Leading hypotheses accounting for the increased accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere at these times invoke deep ocean carbon being released from the Southern Ocean and an associated decline in the global efficiency of the biological carbon pump. Here we present new deglacial surface seawater pH and CO2sw records from the Sub-Antarctic regions of the Atlantic [...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Autors: R. Shuttleworth et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116649

Read the ful article here.


Seasonal variability of Air-Sea Fluxes in two contrasting basins of the north Indian Ocean

Abstract.

"Latent Heat Flux (LHF) and Sensible Heat Flux (SHF) are the two important parameters in air-sea interactions and hence have significant implications for any coupled ocean-atmospheric model. These two fluxes are conventionally computed from met-ocean parameters using bulk aerodynamic formulations; or the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) bulk flux algorithms. Here COARE 3.5 algorithm is used to estimate the heat flux from two Ocean Moored Buoy Network for northern Indian Ocean[...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Samar Kumar Ghose et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2020.101183

Read the full article here.

 


Organic matter composition and heterotrophic bacterial activity at declining summer sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean

Abstract.

"The Arctic Ocean is highly susceptible to climate change as evidenced by rapid warming and the drastic loss of sea ice during summer. The consequences of these environmental changes for the microbial cycling of organic matter are largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the distribution and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) along with heterotrophic bacterial activity in seawater and sea ice of the Eurasian Basin at the time of the record ice minimum in 2012. Bacteria in seawater were highly responsive to fresh organic matter and remineralized on average 55% of primary production in the upper mixed layer. Correlation analysis showed that the accumulation of dissolved combined carbohydrates (DCCHO) and dissolved[...]"

 

Source: Association for the Sciences Limnology and Oceanography
Authors: Judith Piontek et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11639

Read the full article here.


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