News

Job Offer in paleoclimate modelling: sea-ice and past ocean oxygenation

PhD position at the School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society at the Heriot-Watt University  

"Are you interested in using climate models to help us understand the future? Consider applying for this PhD and join the Past Climate Change team at the Lyell Centre (Heriot-Watt University).

We are looking for an enthusiastic PhD candidate who will analyse the impact of different past (warm) climate states on sea-ice and effects on seawater oxygenation through model simulations."

You can find more details here


Job Offer in paleoceanographic proxies and past climate change: Past ocean oxygenation

PhD position at the School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society at the Heriot-Watt University  

"Are you interested in using past paleoceanographic reconstructions to help us understand our future planet? We are looking for an enthusiastic team-member to join the Past Climate Change Group https://pastclimates.site.hw.ac.uk/ at the Lyell Centre (Heriot-Watt, Edinburgh UK) as a PhD researcher. The project offers opportunities to work on data synthesis, proxy development and application."

You can find more details here


Job Offer in ocean biogeochemical dynamics

Postdoctoral researcher position at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of St Andrews

"We are seeking a talented and creative postdoctoral researcher to work on ocean biogeochemical dynamics using observations, numerical models, and theory. Candidates should have a high level of technical skill in data analysis, and a strong grasp of ocean circulation and biogeochemistry. The position is initially available for two years, with the possibility of extension.  

The ocean plays a fundamental role in global biogeochemical cycling, with impacts on climate, planetary habitability, and ecosystem dynamics. Large-scale changes in these cycles – such as that of carbon and oxygen – are being observed or are predicted in the coming decades and centuries. For example, widespread deoxygenation and acidification are expected by the end of the 21st century, with potentially severe ramifications for both marine life and climate feedbacks. Understanding the mechanisms behind these changes is inhibited by a chronic sparsity of observations. Novel theoretical and analytical approaches are required to deepen our understanding of oceanic biogeochemical cycles and their observed changes, and to predict their future evolution and the consequences therein."

You can find more details here


Simulations of ocean deoxygenation in the historical era: insights from forced and coupled models

Abstract.

"Ocean deoxygenation due to anthropogenic warming represents a major threat to marine ecosystems and fisheries. Challenges remain in simulating the modern observed changes in the dissolved oxygen (O2). Here, we present an analysis of upper ocean (0-700m) deoxygenation in recent decades from a suite of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) ocean biogeochemical simulations. The physics and biogeochemical simulations include both ocean-only (the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project Phase 1 and 2, OMIP1 and OMIP2) and coupled Earth system (CMIP6 Historical) configurations. [...]".

 

Source: Frontiers in Marine Science 
Authors: Yohei Takano et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1139917

Read the full article here.


Carbonate uranium isotopes across Cretaceous OAE 2 in southern Mexico: New constraints on the global spread of marine anoxia and organic carbon burial

Abstract.

"Oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) represent discrete intervals of decreased marine oxygen concentrations often associated with volcanism, enhanced organic carbon burial coupled with positive δ13C excursions, and significant biotic turnover. Cretaceous OAE 2 (ca. 94 Mya) is especially notable for globally-distributed changes in calcareous invertebrate and plankton populations. While the presence of organic-rich facies is consistent with locally anoxic environments in many cases, determining the global extent of anoxia is more problematic. [...]".

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Joseph T. Kulenguski et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111756

Read the full article here.


Editorial: Oxygen decline in coastal waters: its cause, present situation and future projection

Abstract.

"The decline of oxygen levels in coastal waters has emerged as a significant and pressing concern, carrying extensive ecological and environmental ramifications. Coastal areas, the interface between land and sea, represent intricate and dynamic ecosystems that hold paramount importance for global biodiversity and sustain a multitude of human activities. Nevertheless, these coastal regions are confronted with mounting stressors originating from both human-induced factors such as nutrient pollution [...]".

 

Source: Frontiers in Marine Science
Authors: Weiwei Fu & Tsuneo Ono
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1316092

Read the full article here.


On the Origins of Open Ocean Oxygen Minimum Zones

Abstract.

"Recent work suggests that Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs) are sustained by the supply of oxygen-poor waters rather than the export of organic matter from the local surface layer and its subsequent remineralization inside OMZs. However, the mechanisms that form and maintain OMZs are not well constrained, such as the origin of the oxygen that oxygenates OMZs, and the locations where oxygen consumption occurs. Here we use an observation-based transport matrix to determine the origins of open ocean OMZs in terms of (a) OMZ volume, (b) oxygen that survives remineralization and oxygenates OMZs, and (c) oxygen utilization in the interior ocean that contributes to the oxygen-deficit of OMZs. [...]".

 

Source: Wiley Online Library
Authors: Xabier Davila et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JC019677

Read the full article here.

 


Widespread marine euxinia along the western Yangtze Platform caused by oxygen minimum zone expansion during the Capitanian mass extinction

Abstract.

"The development of widespread marine anoxic and/or euxinic conditions has been proposed as a likely driver of the mid-Capitanian mass extinction. However, the driving mechanisms and spatiotemporal evolution of anoxia/euxinia remain poorly constrained. In order to decipher changes in marine redox conditions and their possible influence on the mid-Capitanian biotic crisis, we applied multiple geochemical indicators to three sections across a shelf-to-basin transect in the Middle Permian Kuhfeng and Lower Yinping formations of the Lower Yangtze Basin, South China. [...]".

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Bolin Zhang et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104273

Read the full article here.


Oxygenation of the Baltoscandian shelf linked to Ordovician biodiversification

Abstract.

"Marine biodiversity increased markedly during the Ordovician Period (~487–443 million years ago). Some intervals within the Ordovician were associated with unusually rapid and prominent rises in taxonomic richness, the reasons for which remain debated. Links between increased oxygenation and biodiversification have been proposed, although supporting marine oxygen proxy data are limited. Here we present an expansive multi-site iodine-to-calcium (I/Ca) record from Lower–Middle Ordovician marine carbonates in Baltoscandia that provides a detailed account of the spatio-temporal development of oxygen conditions across this palaeoshelf. [...]".

 

Source: Nature
Authors: Anders Lindskog et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01287-z

Read the full article here.


GO2NE Webinar on Ocean Deoxygenation

GO2NE Webinar on Ocean Deoxygenation. 

"Do you want to know more about deoxygenation in the ocean?
Join us for the upcoming webinar!

Monday, 20th November 2023, 17:00 h – 18:00 CET

Registration link

Please join the Global Ocean Oxygen Network (IOC Expert Working Group GO2NE) for a new session of its webinar series on ocean deoxygenation. The 24th webinar will take place 20 November 2023, 17:00 h CET. The webinar will feature presentations by two early-career scientists, 20 minutes each, followed by 10 minutes moderated discussion sessions.  

If you are interested to present at one of the upcoming webinars please submit a short abstract here.

Moderation
Natalya Gallo
University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Norway

Speakers:
Xabier Davila Rodriguez
NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
"On the Origins of Open Ocean Oxygen Minimum Zones"

Yassir Eddebbar
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, USA
"Oxygen supply in the tropical Pacific: A role for turbulence and mesoscale eddies"

If you want to receive further information about upcoming webinars please register here." 


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