News

Fate of floating plastic debris released along the coasts in a global ocean model

Abstract.

"Marine plastic pollution is a global issue, from the shores to the open ocean. Understanding the pathway and fate of plastic debris is fundamental to manage and reduce plastic pollution. Here, the fate of floating plastic pollution discharged along the coasts is studied by comparing two sources, one based on river discharges and the other on mismanaged waste from coastal populations, using a Lagrangian numerical analysis in a global ocean circulation model. About 1/3 of the particles end up in the open ocean and 2/3 on beaches[...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Fanny Chenillat et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112116

Read the full article here.


A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss

Abstract.

"Less than a quarter of ocean deoxygenation that will ultimately be caused by historical CO2 emissions is already realized, according to millennial-scale model simulations that assume zero CO2 emissions from year 2021 onwards. About 80% of the committed oxygen loss occurs below 2000 m depth, where a more sluggish overturning circulation will increase water residence times and accumulation of respiratory oxygen demand. According to the model results, the deep ocean will thereby lose more than 10% of its pre-industrial oxygen content even if CO2 emissions and thus global warming[...]".

 

Source: Nature Communications
Authors: Andreas Oschlies
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 

Read the full article here.


In oceanography, acoustics and hydrodynamics: An extended coupled (2+1)-dimensional Burgers system

Abstract.

"In oceanography, acoustics and hydrodynamics, people pay attention to the Burgers-type equations for different wave processes, one of which is an extended coupled (2+1)-dimensional Burgers system hereby under investigation. Based on the scaling transformation, Bell polynomials, Hirota operators and symbolic computation, we structure out two hetero-Bäcklund transformations, each of which to a solvable linear partial differential[...]"

 

Source: Science Direkt
Authors: Xin-YiGao et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjph.2020.11.017

Read the full article here.


Fifty Year Trends in Global Ocean Heat Content Traced to Surface Heat Fluxes in the Sub-Polar Ocean

Abstract.

"The ocean has absorbed approximately 90% of the accumulated heat in the climate system since 1970. As global warming accelerates, understanding ocean heat content changes and tracing these to surface heat input is increasingly important. We introduce a novel framework by organizing the ocean into temperature-percentiles from warmest to coldest, allowing us to trace ocean temperature changes to changes[...]"

 

Source: AGU- Advancing Earth And Space Science
Authors: Taimoor Sohail et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091439

Read the full article here.


More than 1000 rivers account for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean

Abstract.

"Plastic waste increasingly accumulates in the marine environment, but data on the distribution and quantification of riverine sources required for development of effective mitigation are limited. Our model approach includes geographically distributed data on plastic waste, land use, wind, precipitation, and rivers and calculates the probability for plastic waste to reach a river and subsequently the ocean. This probabilistic approach highlights regions that are likely to emit plastic into the ocean. We calibrated our model using recent field observations[...]".

 

Source: Science Advances 
Authors: LOURENS J. J. MEIJER et al.
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5803

Read the full article here.


High spatial resolution global ocean metagenomes from Bio-GO-SHIP repeat hydrography transects

Abstract.

"Detailed descriptions of microbial communities have lagged far behind physical and chemical measurements in the marine environment. Here, we present 971 globally distributed surface ocean metagenomes collected at high spatio-temporal resolution. Our low-cost metagenomic sequencing protocol produced 3.65 terabases of data, where the median number of base pairs per sample was 3.41 billion. The median distance between sampling stations was 26 km[...]"

 

Source: Scientific Data
Authors: Alyse A. Larkin et al
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00889-9

Read the full article here.


Zooplankton grazing of microplastic can accelerate global loss of ocean oxygen

Abstract.

"Global warming has driven a loss of dissolved oxygen in the ocean in recent decades. We demonstrate the potential for an additional anthropogenic driver of deoxygenation, in which zooplankton consumption of microplastic reduces the grazing on primary producers. In regions where primary production is not limited by macronutrient availability, the reduction of grazing pressure on primary producers causes export production to increase. Consequently, organic particle remineralisation in these regions[...]"

 

Source: Nature Communications
Authors: K. Kvale et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22554-w

Read the full article here.


A benthic oxygen oasis in the early Neoproterozoic ocean

Abstract.

"Benthic oxygen oases linked to photosynthetic mats have been reported in modern anoxic aquatic systems. Benthic macroalgal blooms were common in stratified, anoxic Neoproterozoic oceans, leading us to hypothesize the existence of benthic oxygen oases at that time. This hypothesis has significant implications regarding the bioavailability of transition metals (e.g., Cu, Zn, Ni, Mo, V) and the distribution of aerobic eukaryotes in these oceans[...]"

 

Source: Science Direct
Authors: Haiyang Wang et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.106085

Read the full article here.


Protecting the global ocean for biodiversity, food and climate

Abstract.

"The ocean contains unique biodiversity, provides valuable food resources and is a major sink for anthropogenic carbon. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an effective tool for restoring ocean biodiversity and ecosystem services1,2, but at present only 2.7% of the ocean is highly protected3. This low level of ocean protection is due largely to conflicts with fisheries and other extractive uses. To address this issue[...]"

 

Source: Nature
Authors: Enric Sala et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03371-z

Read the full article here.


Observed Seasonal and Interannual Controls on Coastal Oxygen and Dead Zones in the Indian Ocean

Abstract.

"A major concern is that global de-oxygenation will expand Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) and favor coastal dead zones (DZs) where already low oxygen levels threaten ecosystems and adjacent coastal economies. The northern Indian ocean is home to both intense OMZs and DZs, and is surrounded by many kilometers of biodiverse and commercially valuable coastline. Exchanges between OMZs and shelf waters that contribute to coastal DZs are subject to the strong monsoonal seasonal cycle[...]"

 

Source: EGU General Assambly
Authors: Jenna Pearson et al.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-1421

Read the full article here.


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